Tutorial for making a simple shirt (test)

What this tutorial is about and thank you notes

In this tutorial you will learn how to use the pattern-making software Seamly2D to create a pattern for a shirt. I focus on the usage of Seamly2D; I assume that you al­ready know how to make and alter patterns on paper and how to use the PC generally. Still, this tutorial is no manual that says “this button does this” and “that button is used for that”; only the buttons we need to create our shirt are explained. A manual you can find here: List of Manuals on Seamly2D-Wiki

The tutorial is made with software version 0.6.0 of Seamly2D. There might be differences if you use a different version. Please be aware that you can upgrade and use your files, but if you downgrade the files maybe won't work because the older version of the program doesn't know the new features you used.

Please also be aware that this tutorial comes with absolutely no warranty and is provided as is. The pattern is made by myself and not with focus on fitting very well, but on being easy to draw, because in this tutorial we really want to concentrate on the use of the software, not on good construction of a shirt :)

You can create patterns in Seamly2D with all kinds of construction systems. Seamly2D is like your ruler, circle, eraser, calculator, and paper, just on your PC. For the tutorial I'd suggest that you stick with the construction that I did, just to learn how to deal with Seamly2D; later on you can easily transfer it to your system. For the names of the measurements I took the ones Seamly provides. If you alter measurements because you don't like the ones of Mme. Skirt, you might have to smooth the curves again.

Requirements

• Seamly2D installed and working on your PC
• Knowledge of pattern making
• Knowledge of basic skills on using a PC
• Paper and printer if you want to print the pattern

The very first steps in Seamly2D

The start screen

First view of screen after starting Seamly2D

When you open Seamly2D, your screen will look like the picture on the right:

After you click on the “New” button (in the left upper edge, marked red), a popup will ap­pear:

You can type in a name for your first pattern piece there. The first thing I usually do is a reference square, so I call the first pattern piece “Reference”.

After you have typed in the name and confirmed with ok, the screen will have changed a little bit:

Screen after you have started a new pattern

The red point is the first point of your drawing. Seamly2D automatically labels it "A"; you can change the label if you need in the field “point label” on the right side of the screen. You also can change the position of the point here; x goes right, y goes down. If point "A" is not visible, click "Zoom fit best" on the upper toolbar.

Drawing our first lines – the reference square

As printers and plotters sometimes do funny things, I put a reference square in every pattern I want to print. If you sell patterns or have someone else print them I think it is also a good habit to print out the reference square, just to make sure the pattern is printed right.

So, let's start. The first line is drawn with the “point at a distance”-tool. You find it on the left side of the workspace.

When you click the button, the cursor on the workspace will change to a black dart with the symbol of the tool at the side. You click on the first point, A, then go to the side where the line should go, just a little way. Then you click again and a pop-up-window will appear where you can fill in the length of the line and an angle. For the reference square we want the line go straight to the right for 10 cm, so we fill in “10” for length and “0” for angle. If you press “shift” while moving the cursor the angle will snap to 0° if you move right, and to every additional 45° as you proceed counter-clockwise, (like an eight-point compass.)

For the second and third line of the square we will use the “point along perpendicular”-tool. After activating this tool by clicking on the button on the left, you click on the point where the perpendicular should start, here A, and then on a point along the line that you want this new line to be perpendicular to.

A dialog window will open for you to enter the length you want the line to be, (in this case 10 again.) If the perpendicular goes the wrong direction, the dialog also has eight blue arrows which you can click to adjust the direction the line is going in relation to the base line. The arrow pointing left will, in most cases, be the right one here. You can test the settings with the button “apply” before you confirm with “ok”. Don't worry, if you get it wrong, you can always change it later.

For the fourth line you can use the “line between points”-tool, found under the "Line" tab on the left toolbar. Click on the two points between which you would like to see a line, here A1 and A3:

Btw, now is a really good time to save for the first time. I called my file “Tutorial_Shirt”.

Measurements and Variables

Before you draw your actual pattern, it is a good idea to feed Seamly2D with the measurements you need. Theoretically you could draw the lines and put the number in every time. As you use some of the measurements and other numbers over and over again, that wouldn't be a good idea, though. So we work with measurements and variables.

Measurements are the numbers you took while you measured your customer, like waist circumference or hip depth. Seamly2D has a helping program called “SeamlyMe” where you will store all the measurements. You call it from inside Seamly2D with

“Measurements → Open SeamlyMe”

You will have to create a new file the first time you make a pattern, with the button “New” in the left upper edge of the popped-up SeamlyMe-window. A second window will pop up, asking you for the measurement type and unit.

We'll just keep it as it is on individual and centimeters and confirm with “ok”.

The SeamlyMe-window will change a little bit, so that you can add custom measurements with the orange or the red plus-sign “add custom” or “add known”.

For every measurement you click one of the plus-signs, fill in the fields (just write, no “enter”) and then add the next measurement. Seamly2D has a lot of measurements already defined and explained, so that you only need to click on the red plus-sign, choose your measurement in the pop-up window and confirm with enter and then enter the pertinent number in the field “formula”. If there is a measurement that Seamly2D doesn't have pre-filled yet, you use the orange plus-sign and fill-in all the blanks yourself.

Here I have filled in four measurements: Body Height, (not actually used for the shirt, but planning for the future,) waist and hip circumferences, and hip depth. (Don't worry about waist, we won't need it in this pattern; our nice customer Modellina Skirt just wants other garments, too.)

Name is a short name to work with in formulas, formula in this case is the actual measurement, full name is a human-understandable name, so that you don't get lost in cryptic letters and in description you can give further explanations, like “Distance from waist to hip” or “front length, measured from 7. vertebra”.

SeamlyMe / Tape information tab

On the second tab, “Information,” you may add information, like customer name, that can come in handy for handling the measurements and patterns:

After you have filled in all the measurements, you must save the SeamlyMe file. If you change something in the SeamlyMe file later on while working on a pattern, Seamly2D will take the new measurements, (you will be asked whether you'd like to synchronize, say “yes” then), but only if you save the file. I called my file “Modellina_Skirt.vit”

Variables, or increments, are placeholders for numbers and formulas that you need. Some of those things you need more than once, in different places, for example added ease to hip circumference – the measured hip circumference plus ease makes hip width. I is a good habit not to type the number or formula in every time you need it but to define variables. That way, if you change a number, for example the ease, you only have to do it at one place. Seamly2D will take care of all changes throughout the pattern. This way you won't miss places where the figure needs to be changed.

To do this Seamly2D has the “Measurements → Variables Table”. In the example to the left I filled in the garment length, ease at the hip and ease at the waist; on these variables no formula is included. A new variable can be added with the green plus; just click it and then fill in the fields. The description is not needed; this field is only for you, so that you can more easily remember the variables while having short names for the variable itself.

You can use formulas as well, for example for the already mentioned hip width, or the bust width. Here I clicked on the little button with the “f(x)” on right side of the field for formula; as you can see in the pop-up-window there is a choice between Measurements, Increments (which basically means input or formula,) and some other things. You can choose a measurement or increment by double-clicking on the name; make sure the cursor is in the input field where you want the variable placed before selecting it, so that the variable will be placed where you want it in the Formula entry field. You can also type the formulae in manually, if that appeals to you.

For the shirt we will need to fill in the following measurements and variables:

Variables
Name	Description	Formula
garm_length	Length of gar­ment from 7. vertebra to seam	70
ease_hip	Ease at hip	5
ease_bust	Ease at bust	7
hip_width	Hip circumfer­ence plus ease	hip_circ+#ease_hip
bust_width	Bust circumfer­ence plus ease	bust_circ+#ease_bust
neck_width	width of neck (radius)	neck_circ/(2*_pi)+1,5

Measurements
Name	Full name	Formula
hip_circ	hipcircumference	96
shoulder_length	length of shoulder from neck	11,8
bust_circ	bust circumference	90
neck_circ	neck circumference	35,8
neck_back_to_highbust_b (in back)		20

Be aware that Seamly2D measures in centimeters (cm) by default, so if there is a pattern with measurements in millimeter (mm), you need to divide those by 10.

After we have filled in all the measurements and variables it is a really good time to save your pattern again.

Now we can go to the next step – the frame. For this we make a new pattern piece.

The first real pattern piece - the shirt back

There is some confusion about the names in Seamly2D at the moment. What I would call “pattern piece” is there called “detail.” It consists of the pattern piece including all the details you don't add at drawing, like seamlines, labels, notches and so on. In one “pattern piece” can be multiple “details,” like back and front of a shirt. So it's kind of like "detailing" a new car?

Building the frame and our first curves

The frame starts out pretty much as you did with the reference square. There are more than one ways to accomplish this task, so don't worry if yours is different from mine. My way in the tutorial was:

• Putting B into a convenient place: x = 60, y = 2 as we work from right to left
• Point at a distance from B down, length #garm_length => B1
• Mark bust line with point at a distance along line, length neck_back_to_highbust_b => B2
• Point along perpendicular at B1 to the left, length hip_width/4 => B3
• Point along perpendicular at B2 to the left, length bust_width/5,5 => B4

Point at a distance along line is on the left side of the working place. You walk along a line, here B to B1 and fill in the desired length. You can choose it with the little “f(x)”-button just like you did in the table of variables if you use a variable, like we do here.

We go on making some more lines to help us:

Point along perpendicular at B to the left, length neck_circ/6+1 => B5

• Point along perpendicular at B5 up, length 2 => B6
• Simple curve between B6 and B

For the curve we find a button to the left. We have to connect B5 and B like we did for the line. As we want to have a nice curve on the t-shirt, the angle at B needs to be 90° to the middle of the back (our line B to B1), so at “C2” for the angle we fill in 180°. Length here is 1.

B6 makes “C1”, the starting point of the curve. It gets a degree of 290° and a length of 4. (Hint: there is a more elegant way to form the curve if you want to grade pattern. It includes some math, so we might perhaps do it in a later tutorial or if you are too curious now, you just may take a look at Keith's tutorial about the Kolson-Method in Seamly2Ds wiki: The_Kolson_Method. For now the plain numbers are sufficient).

There are also some little handles, in the beginning hidden in the purple circles. You see them as little red circles in the picture. You could grab and move them with the mouse, but it is easier and more precise to fill in the angle and length in the fields at the right.

This curve is our first line for our basic shirt, so I left it black. It will become the neck.

The second line will be

• Point at distance and angle from B6, length shoulder_length, angle 200° => B7

This is our shoulder. For the armhole we need a bit more framing:

• Point of x and y of two other points with B4, B, => B8
• Point at a Distance along line B4, B8, length CurrentLength/4 => B9
• Point along perpendicular in B9 to the right, 1 cm => B10
• Point of x and y of two other points with B3, B2 => B11

For point of x and y of two other points you choose the tool, click on B4 for the vertical axis and then on B for the horizontal axis.

Now we have our points together for the armhole. This is made with the “curved path”-tool. Our nodes, or control points as Seamly2D are B7, B10 and B11 – click them, when you are done press “enter”. To edit the curve right-click on the curve now and select “options”. There you can fill in the angles and lengths, select each point and put the numbers in the field appearing on the left. It is

B7: length 8, angle 290 for the second control point

B10: length 2, angle 60 for first, length 5, angle 240 for the second controlpoint

B11: length 2,75, angle 0 for the first control point.

It might be necessary to smooth the curves again if you use different measurements. Play with the lengths and angles, typed in or grab the handles on the nodes. Or you read and apply the Kolson-Method ;) I just wanted to keep it simple in the beginning.

If you connect the outline with black lines where missing, the piece should look like this:

Did I already mention that it is always a good idea to save your work frequently? ;)

The first details – reference and back

It is time to make the first details. You select the “detail”-tool (also called “workpiece-tool”) and click all the points and curves you want to have in your pattern piece – ehem, detail. You musst do that clockwise, else Seamly2D will be unhappy an the detail won't work. Also, if a curve has the arrows converse to the direction you are choosing the nodes it won't work. Press “shift” in that case, that will reverse the curve. After you have selected all points and curves, press “enter”. Don't press the first point you choose a second time, stop on the curve or point previous to the first choosen point.

My path was B7, B6, curve for neck, B2, B1, B3, B11, armhole (with “shift”, so that it reversed), B10, armhole + ”shift” again.

I wanted so see B10 because I'll need it later on. But if you choose a point on a curve, you have to choose the curve again, else Seamly2D will only take the part before the curve.

If you succeed the window with the path will pop up. Right now you can only press ok (and pat yourself on the shoulder, you've done a lot of work!)

Oh, and just for practicing – make a detail out of the reference square, please :) If the square is grayed out and you can't click on it, choose it in the pull-down-menu of the pattern-pieces.

When you've done that, you can go to the details-mode. The screen should look like this then:

You could already go to layout and print your piece, only it wouldn't be wise.

We should label the pieces and maybe give them a seamline.

I grew up with ready-made patterns without seamline, but I got used to it very, very fast since I use Seamly2D.

And label is mandatory – else you don't know what you thought when you use your pattern in ten years again :)

Labeling the Reference square

So, let us label our reference square first. You are in Details-Mode. When you right-click on the detail and select options, the window to the right will appear. You can check if you have all nodes you need in the path. On the left side are the tabs for different things like path, pins, grain-lines and so on. You choose “Labels”.

We first give the detail a name. Generally it is a good idea to give a name to a detail very early; best as soon as you've made the detail. Else you might become lost if you have a pattern with a lot of details and want to add something to a specific detail later on.

I called the reference square “Reference” and filled that in in “Name of Detail”. In Annotation I filled in “10 cm per side”; you will see the use in an Instant. Quantity is on 1 per default; we don't need it here and just leave it as it is. The other fields we don't need right now as well.

Labels, of course, are to label something. Right now our Label is empty, actually it doesn't even show. So, first we tell Seamly2D what to show. Click the button “Edit Template”. In the window showing up you can add the things that you want to see on the label; add them with the green plus-sign. The window won't change too much, but the change is essential – you get the “insert”-button. This button leads you to various placeholders for things you might want to add to the label, like the name of the pattern, the name of the detail, material used and so on. For now we use “piece annotation”; this will fill in the “10 cm per side” we put into the field “Annotation” before.

The nice thing on a program is, that there are a lot of things we only need to do once. We can save our template for future use with the little floppy-symbol in the right upper edge. As my labels on every pattern look pretty much the same, this comes in really handy.

But the nicest label doesn't help if it doesn't show on the pattern, so we need Seamly2D to tell that we actually want to see our label. We go to the tab “Labels” and fill in the size we'd like to have and click the little check-mark to tell the program that the details label should be visible. I choose 8 cm per side, as the square is 10 cm per side and the 8 cm fit nicely in then. After confirming with “ok” (you could check with “apply” first whether you like the view) the label will show on the detail. The yellow will disappear in the final layout; it is just to give you a hint where the label is on the detail.

Stay tuned, there is still the seamline to come. And we also need to finish our T-Shirt...

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